What does Article 39 of the UN Charter allow the United Nations Security Council to determine?

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Article 39 of the UN Charter empowers the United Nations Security Council to determine the existence of any of the following:

  • A real threat to the peace12
  • A breach of the peace12
  • An act of aggression12

Upon making such a determination, the Security Council may call upon UN members to apply diplomatic or economic sanctions. If these measures are deemed inadequate, the Charter further authorizes the Security Council to take military action against the offending party to maintain or restore international peace and security.12