What did receiving a master of arts degree mean at the medieval University of Paris?
At the medieval University of Paris, receiving a master of arts degree was fundamentally defined by the acquisition of a license to teach, known as the licentia docendi.12
The degree signified that a scholar had successfully completed their apprenticeship as a bachelor and had been granted the chancellorās permission to "incept". This process of inception marked the scholar's formal entry into the profession as a fully licensed teacher, recognized by their peers. The transition was symbolized by several rituals:1
* The candidate was presented with a magisterial cap, or biretta, signifying their emancipation from the state of bachelordom.1
* The new master delivered a formal inaugural lecture.1
* The scholar was welcomed into the society of professional brethren with set speeches and took their seat in a masterās chair.1
In this context, the term "master" was equivalent to "doctor," and the degree served as a prerequisite for those wishing to pursue further studies in the superior faculties of theology, medicine, or canon law.312