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What are putonghua and guoyu used to describe?

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Thematic map showing the geographic distribution of Sino-Tibetan language families in East and Southeast Asia. Green areas indicate Sinitic (Chinese) languages across most of China and Taiwan, pink marks Tibetic languages in Tibet and surrounding regions, yellow shows Burmic (Burmese) in Myanmar, and red highlights Baric (Bodo-Garo) and Karenic (Karen) languages in parts of Northeast India, Bhutan, and Thailand. Country boundaries and major bodies of water are labeled for context.
Sino-Tibetan languages

The terms putonghua and guoyu are used to describe Modern Standard Chinese.2

Putonghua, which translates to "common language," is the term used in China to refer to the official language. Guoyu, meaning "national language," is the term used to describe the same standard language in Taiwan. Both terms refer to the standardized form of speech that serves as the medium for education and media in their respective regions.12