How were Limburg and Luxembourg divided between Belgium and the Netherlands?

Following the Belgian Revolution of 1830, the status of the provinces of Limburg and Luxembourg became a point of contention between the newly independent Belgium and William I of the Netherlands.1

To resolve the conflict, the London Conference of the great powers intervened. The resulting settlement, which William I eventually accepted in 1839, divided both territories:12

• Luxembourg: The territory was split based on language. The French-speaking western portion was assigned to Belgium, becoming the Belgian province of Luxembourg. The Luxembourgish-speaking eastern portion remained under the personal possession of William I as the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, which also formed part of the German Confederation.231
• Limburg: Similar to Luxembourg, the province was divided between the two nations, with part assigned to Belgium and part remaining with the Netherlands.1

These borders were officially recognized by the Dutch government in 1839, concluding the territorial disputes following Belgium's independence.1