How have feminist theories of international relations examined gender roles and war?

Feminist theories of international relations examine gender roles by challenging the assumption that aggressive, warlike behavior is inherently biological. Instead, these theories explore the extent to which gender-based role differentiation is socially constructed.1

By analyzing whether gender roles are products of society rather than biology, feminist scholars investigate whether male aggressiveness is a fixed trait or a result of prevailing beliefs and values regarding masculinity. If these roles are indeed socially constructed, feminist theory suggests that it is possible to mitigate aggressive behavior by transforming the societal values that define what it means to be male.1

This perspective aligns with broader critical theory approaches, which seek to emancipate individuals from oppressive social institutions and practices. By questioning the traditional, often male-centric frameworks of international relations, feminist theorists aim to uncover how shared beliefs about gender influence global decisions regarding war, peace, and conflict.1