How does poor internal soil drainage affect fruit tree roots?

Poor internal soil drainage is detrimental to fruit tree roots because it creates an environment conducive to root rot. When soil remains excessively wet, it promotes the growth of various soil-borne fungi and funguslike organisms, such as Phytophthora and Pythium, which cause the roots to decay.1

As these pathogens attack the root system, the tree loses its ability to effectively absorb water and nutrients, even if they are present in the soil. Consequently, affected trees exhibit a loss of vigor, become stunted, show yellowing leaves, and may eventually wilt or die back. To mitigate these risks, it is essential to plant fruit trees in well-drained, well-prepared soil and maintain overall plant health through proper cultivation and management practices.1