How does existentialism differ from nihilism?

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Jean-Paul Sartre sits at a cafe with a cup of coffee and a notebook, a pipe in his mouth. — Existentialism French philosopher and writer Jean-Paul Sartre, known as a founding figure of existentialism, in Paris.

Existentialism and nihilism both grapple with the human condition, but they diverge significantly in their conclusions. Existentialism, while acknowledging the lack of inherent meaning in the universe, emphasizes that individuals create their own meaning through choices and actions. It posits that "existence precedes essence," meaning humans define themselves through their lived experiences and freedom.12

Nihilism, on the other hand, asserts that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value. It often leads to a rejection of established moral principles and a belief that nothing can be known or communicated. While existentialism finds freedom and responsibility in this lack of preordained meaning, nihilism can lead to despair or a cynical outlook.342