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How does baptism with the Holy Spirit differ from water baptism in Pentecostal belief?

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Pentecostalism Prayer service at Abundant Life United Pentecostal Church, in Moore, Oklahoma.

In Pentecostal belief, water baptism and baptism with the Holy Spirit are distinct experiences with different purposes and manifestations.

Water Baptism
Water baptism is a ritual act of initiation. While most Christians use a Trinitarian formula, some Pentecostal groups, such as the "Jesus Only" movement, practice baptism specifically "in the name of Jesus" based on interpretations of the Acts of the Apostles.1

Baptism with the Holy Spirit
In contrast, baptism with the Holy Spirit is viewed as a post-conversion religious experience that all Christians should seek. It is characterized by the following:2

Supernatural Empowerment: It is believed to empower believers with spiritual gifts, such as speaking in tongues, prophecy, faith healing, and the performance of miracles.23
Manifestation: This experience is often accompanied by glossolalia (speaking in unknown languages) or xenoglossy.2
Significance: It is considered a corollary to salvation, recalling the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the first Christians at Pentecost.23

While water baptism serves as a formal rite, baptism with the Holy Spirit is regarded as an ongoing, vital encounter with the divine that equips the believer for ministry.23