How do selective strikes and rolling strikes work?

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The Code of Hammurabi diorite stela, with carved figures at the top showing Hammurabi seated with cuneiform inscriptions below. — Labour law Diorite stela inscribed with the Code of Hammurabi, 18th century bce.

In the context of labour law, unions have developed strategic tactics to exert pressure on employers while minimizing the risks associated with traditional, prolonged work stoppages. These methods include:

Selective strikes: These are targeted actions focused specifically on company sites where a work stoppage will inflict the greatest economic harm on the employer. By concentrating the strike's impact, unions can maximize leverage during contract negotiations.1
Rolling strikes: These involve a succession of strikes at different employer locations. Because the location of the strike is constantly changing, it becomes significantly more difficult for the employer to hire or utilize replacement workers to maintain operations.1

These tactics are often employed as alternatives to traditional strikes, which can result in a total loss of income for workers and the potential for permanent job replacement. By utilizing these methods, unions aim to maintain pressure on management while navigating the legal complexities of modern industrial relations.1