How did the church gain land and wealth in medieval Denmark?

In medieval Denmark, the church amassed significant wealth and land through two primary channels: direct ownership of agricultural property and the collection of mandatory tithes.12

By the end of the 13th century, the church and the crown together controlled the vast majority of land in the realm. The church derived substantial income from these extensive landholdings and farms. Additionally, the church generated significant revenue through tithes levied on the country's entire grain production. These tithes were divided into three equal portions:12
* One-third for the bishops12
* One-third for the parish churches12
* One-third for the parish priests12

This economic foundation allowed the church to become a powerful institution, eventually holding enough influence to occasionally challenge the state. By the late Middle Ages, the church also acted as a major landlord, with approximately 30,000 peasants working as copyhold tenants on lands belonging to the church or the nobility.123