How did the Independence improve on the Sacred Cow for presidential travel?

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The Independence, a modified Douglas VC-118, offered several technological and functional improvements over its predecessor, the Sacred Cow.

Key advancements included:

  • Enhanced Performance: The Independence was equipped with more powerful engines and possessed a greater flight range than the Sacred Cow.1
  • Pressurized Cabins: It introduced the new technology of pressurized cabins, significantly improving passenger comfort during flight.1
  • Increased Capacity: The aircraft could accommodate 24 passengers in addition to the presidential stateroom, which featured a reclining swivel chair and a full-sized sofa bed.1

While the Sacred Cow was notable for its specialized elevator designed to assist President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Independence represented a shift toward the modern standards of speed and comfort required for presidential travel during the early Cold War era.1