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How did the Books of the Maccabees explain the eight-day Hanukkah celebration?
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Hanukkah
Lighting the menorah in celebration of the Jewish festival of Hanukkah.
The Books of the Maccabees do not mention the miracle of the oil often associated with the eight-day duration of Hanukkah; that account appears later in the Babylonian Talmud.12
Instead, the Books of the Maccabees explain the eight-day celebration as follows:
- I Maccabees: This text states that after Judas Maccabeus reclaimed and purified the Temple of Jerusalem, he ordered the restoration of the altar and dedicated it on Kislev 25. He then proclaimed that the rededication should be commemorated annually for eight days beginning on that date.34
- II Maccabees: Evidence from this text suggests the eight-day duration may have originated as a belated observance of the seven-day Sukkot festival, paired with its eighth day, Shemini Atzeret. Because the Temple had been inaccessible during the conflict, the Maccabees likely held this festival immediately upon reclaiming the site.342