How did operations research contribute to the aircraft mining blockade of the Inland Sea of Japan?

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The aircraft mining blockade of the Inland Sea of Japan was designed by an operations research group originally established in 1942 at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory.1

This group, which initially focused on mine warfare problems, was later transferred to the Navy Department, where it applied scientific and mathematical methods to optimize the blockade strategy. By utilizing operations research—the application of scientific analysis to practical problems of logistics and combat—the team was able to move beyond traditional military planning to design a more effective and systematic approach to the mining operation.12