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How did liberal theology and the Social Gospel reduce tensions within the Episcopal Church?

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The Washington National Cathedral in Washington, D.C., features Gothic-style architecture with tall towers, pointed arches, and a large rose window above the main entrance. — The Episcopal Church Washington National Cathedral, Washington, D.C.

In the 19th century, the Episcopal Church experienced significant internal friction between the High Church tradition, which emphasized the church's Roman Catholic heritage, and the Low Church tradition, which prioritized its Protestant roots.1

These tensions were lessened in later years through the promotion of liberal theology, biblical criticism, the Social Gospel, and the ecumenical movement. By shifting focus toward these broader intellectual and social frameworks, the church was able to move beyond the specific liturgical and doctrinal disputes that had previously divided its members.1

The Social Gospel, in particular, encouraged the application of biblical principles of charity and justice to address the challenges of an industrialized society, providing a shared mission that transcended internal party lines.21