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How did Zhang Qian's journeys influence Han expansion into Central Asia?

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Map showing the Han Empire's territory around 100 BCE, shaded in orange, covering much of eastern China and extending westward. The map also marks the boundary of modern China and highlights the Great Wall running along the northern frontier, built for protection against the Huns. Major rivers and the capital, Chang'an (Xi'an), are labeled. — Han dynasty Map showing the extent of the Han empire c. 100 bce.

Zhang Qian was a pivotal explorer dispatched by Emperor Wudi around 138 BCE to establish alliances against the Xiongnu. His journeys were instrumental in shaping Han expansion into Central Asia in several key ways:12

Strategic Intelligence: Zhang Qian provided the Han court with the first reliable accounts of the regions to the west, including the Fergana Valley, Bactria, and Sogdiana. His reports allowed the Han government to concentrate its military and diplomatic efforts in the northwest.12
Expansion of Influence: Following his observations, the Han dynasty extended its defensive systems, including the Great Wall, as far as Dunhuang. This provided a secure corridor for diplomats and merchants, facilitating the eventual establishment of the Silk Road.1
Cultural and Economic Exchange: His missions opened channels for the exchange of envoys and introduced new goods to China, such as superior horses, grapes, and alfalfa, while bringing China into contact with the remnants of Hellenistic culture.2