How did World War I affect New Zealand soldiers and society?

World War I had a profound impact on New Zealand, serving as a significant catalyst for national identity while exacting a devastating human cost.

Impact on Soldiers

New Zealanders earned a reputation as elite, highly effective soldiers during the Gallipoli Campaign and subsequent fighting in France. This service fostered a unique military culture defined by concepts of manhood, meritocracy, and "mateship". However, the price was severe: nearly one in every three men between the ages of 20 and 40 was killed or wounded, leading to a significant loss of leadership in the following years.12

Impact on Society

• National Sentiment: The war greatly stimulated nationalist sentiment among both troops and civilians, with ANZAC Day becoming a major expression of this new national pride.12
• Economy: At home, the war brought prosperity due to assured export markets and favorable prices.1
• Public Health: New Zealand was also affected by the influenza pandemic of 1918–19, which reached the country during the war and caused significant mortality, particularly among the 20- to 40-year-old age group.34