How did Tungusic-speaking peoples affect the territories of Paleo-Siberian languages?

Tungusic-speaking peoples have significantly impacted the territories and linguistic landscape of Paleo-Siberian groups through expansion, cultural influence, and the absorption of indigenous populations.

• Territorial Encroachment: Historically, the spread of Tungusic languages from the Transbaikal region in the east contributed to the reduction of areas where Paleo-Siberian languages were spoken. As Tungusic groups dispersed northward into the Siberian taiga, they progressively absorbed local hunting and fishing cultures.123
• Linguistic Absorption: Many languages that existed in Siberia during earlier periods were "swallowed up" by more culturally vigorous intruders, including various Tungus tribes that now border the remaining Paleo-Siberian enclaves. This process of absorption was historically evident in the spread of Evenk and Even pastoralism into regions previously occupied by other groups, such as the Yukaghir.13
• Loanwords: Tungusic languages have served as a primary source of loanwords for Paleo-Siberian languages. These borrowings include both ancient terms—which can be difficult to trace—and more recent vocabulary, such as the reindeer terminology found in Nivkh, which was borrowed from a Tungusic source.4

It is essential to recognize that these historical shifts reflect the complex, often disruptive nature of human migration and cultural contact, which has fundamentally reshaped the linguistic diversity of the region.2