Britannica
Sources used in this answer
- Romance languages - The beginning of Romance literature
- Latin language
- education - The humanistic tradition of northern and western Europe
- Romance languages - Linguistic characteristics of the Romance languages
- history of Europe - The humanities
- Romance languages - The standardization of the Romance languages
- Vulgar Latin
- Latin literature - Renaissance Latin literature
How did Renaissance interest in Classical Latin affect Italian, French, and Spanish?
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Romance languages
Distribution of Romance languages in Europe.
The Renaissance rediscovery of classical literature and art significantly influenced the development of Italian, French, and Spanish through extensive borrowing from Latin and Greek and conscious efforts to model vernacular grammar on Classical Latin.1
- Italian: The standard language is heavily influenced by Latin, which it resembles more closely than the spoken dialects do. Humanists demonstrated that the vernacular could achieve the same elegance as Classical Latin in poetry and prose.12
- French: While less influenced by Latin grammatically than Italian, French began a well-established trend from the 14th century onward of preferring words with a "learned," quasi-Latin appearance over inherited forms.1
- Spanish: The influx of Latinisms into the language became a flood during the 15th century. Although Spanish was more reluctant than French to discard older words, these Latinisms now constitute a significant portion of the modern lexicon.1
These developments were part of a broader movement where humanists sought to elevate vernacular languages to rival Latin for literary and scholarly purposes, often through codification and the study of classical models.13