How did Mr. Hyde become a symbol of conflicting public and private behavior?

In Robert Louis Stevenson's Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the names of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde have become synonymous with the exhibition of wildly contradictory behavior, particularly between one's private and public selves.1

Dr. Jekyll, a rational and humanistic protagonist, creates an alter ego in Mr. Hyde, who embodies the evil aspects of his personality. The novella suggests that human propensities for good and evil are not necessarily equal, with Hyde representing a forceful, violent expression of evil that is a smaller portion of Jekyll's total personality. This duality has been interpreted as a representation of the Victorian era's bifurcated self, where outward gentility masked unspoken, baser desires. The story's themes resonated with the public, especially after the murders attributed to Jack the Ripper in 1888, which invoked Stevenson's exploration of psychological phenomena to explain urban savagery.21