How did Michael Dummett challenge the idea of truths that can never be recognized?

Michael Dummett challenged the realist notion of "evidence-transcendent" truths—statements that are true or false independently of our ability to recognize them—by questioning how such truths could be understood or communicated.12

He posed two primary challenges to this perspective:
* Linguistic Acquisition: He argued that because human language is learned through publicly accessible and recognizable aspects of use, it is unclear how we could acquire an understanding of statements that are, in principle, impossible to recognize as true.12
* Manifestation: He questioned how an individual could manifest or display an understanding of such "unrecognizably true" statements.12

Instead of defining meaning through truth conditions that may lie beyond our reach, Dummett proposed that meaning should be explicated by "assertibility conditions"—the grounds or proofs that allow us to recognize a statement as justified. This antirealist stance has significant consequences for logic, as it undermines the law of excluded middle and supports intuitionism in the philosophy of mathematics, as there is no guarantee that every proposition can be proven or disproven.12