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How did Frantz Fanon connect colonialism with identity and violence?

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Map of North America in 1763 using color coding to show colonial territories: the 13 American colonies in red along the Atlantic coast, other British territory in orange across much of present-day Canada, Spanish territory in purple covering most of the southern and western regions, Russian territory in green in the northwest, and large areas of unclaimed land in white. Major bodies of water such as the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Hudson Bay are labeled. — Western colonialism North America during the colonial period.

Frantz Fanon viewed colonialism as a system of domination that fundamentally reordered the world of indigenous peoples, imposing alien rule over their territories, minds, and bodies. He argued that this process created a profound crisis of identity, as the colonized were forced to seek recognition from oppressors using terms set by the colonizers themselves—a path that failed to provide genuine liberation.12

Fanon identified violence as the defining characteristic of colonialism, used by settlers to maintain control. Consequently, he argued that violence was a necessary tool for the colonized to reclaim their national identity, territory, and personal sanity. In his view, properly directed violence served as a cathartic reaction to oppression and a means for the colonized to transition from passive subjects to agents of their own history.132

Ultimately, Fanon believed that both the colonized and the colonizer were implicated in the horrors of imperialism and that both required "decolonization" to overcome the psychological and structural impositions of colonial rule.2