How can the ICAO Council help settle disputes between member countries?

Under the Chicago Convention, the ICAO Council is empowered to act as a formal mechanism for resolving disputes between member states.1

Specifically, the Council may serve in two distinct capacities when addressing such disagreements:

• Conciliation body: The Council can facilitate negotiations and help member states reach a mutually agreeable settlement through mediation.1
• Judicial organ: The Council may function in a quasi-judicial role to adjudicate disputes, providing a formal process for legal resolution between parties.1

By providing these avenues for conflict resolution, the ICAO helps maintain the stability and cooperation necessary for safe and efficient international air transport.21