How are equational sentences formed in South American Indigenous languages?

In South American Indigenous languages, equational sentences are very common and are typically formed by juxtaposing two nominal expressions (nouns) without the use of a linking verb. This structure generally correlates with the absence of a verb meaning "be" for expressing identification or location (e.g., "John good man" or "my house there").1

Additionally, some languages, such as Bororo and Huitoto (Witoto), utilize a different construction where the predicate is a noun inflected like a verb. In these instances, the noun carries the meaning of "being" or "having" the thing it designates (e.g., "I–knife" translates to "I have a knife").1