Why were incandescent and halogen bulbs phased out or banned in some countries?

Many countries have moved to ban or phase out incandescent and halogen bulbs primarily due to their significant energy inefficiency compared to modern alternatives like light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and fluorescent lamps.12

While incandescent bulbs were historically reliable and inexpensive, they consume substantially more electricity to produce the same amount of light as newer technologies. For example, a 60-watt incandescent bulb can be replaced by a 7-watt LED bulb, which also offers a significantly longer lifespan.1

Because of this sharp difference in energy consumption, governments worldwide initiated these bans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and address concerns regarding global warming. Legislative efforts, such as those in the European Union, Australia, and the United States, were implemented to mandate the transition to more efficient lighting solutions for domestic use.12