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Why do uranium-235 hexafluoride molecules pass through a porous barrier faster than uranium-238 hexafluoride molecules?
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uranium processing
How uranium is enriched to make a nuclear weapon.
Uranium-235 hexafluoride () molecules pass through a porous barrier faster than uranium-238 hexafluoride () molecules due to the principles of the kinetic theory of gases.
According to this theory, at a constant temperature, gas molecules with less mass possess a higher average velocity than heavier molecules. Because the isotope is lighter than the isotope, the resulting molecules travel at a greater average speed. This velocity difference allows the molecules to traverse the porous barrier more rapidly than the heavier molecules, a phenomenon utilized in the gaseous diffusion method to enrich uranium for use in nuclear reactors and weapons.1