Why do some people criticize DRM as a restriction on consumers’ rights?

Critics of digital rights management (DRM) argue that these technologies restrict consumer rights and negate the control individuals should have over their own property. Because DRM often functions as a file-encryption and access-control system that locks e-books to a specific user’s identity and proprietary software, it creates several points of contention:12

• Ownership vs. Licensing: Many e-books are licensed rather than owned. This distinction allows companies to remotely alter or delete content from a user's device, as seen in the 2009 incident where Amazon removed copies of George Orwell’s novels from customers' Kindle units.3
• Criminalization of Use: Critics argue that DRM unfairly criminalizes reasonable activities, such as sharing or making personal copies of purchased content.2
• Interoperability Issues: Proprietary DRM systems often prevent files from being opened on software or devices other than those authorized by the vendor, even if the file format (such as EPUB or PDF) is otherwise standard.2
• User Experience: Beyond legal concerns, DRM is frequently criticized for creating a clumsy or restrictive user experience that hinders how consumers interact with their digital libraries.2