Why do many mountain bikes have suspension systems?

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An African American family of four, all wearing helmets, rides bicycles together on a tree-lined country trail, with two children in front and two adults following behind. — bicycle Family bicycling on a country road.

Mountain bikes are designed for off-road use, and their suspension systems are essential for managing the challenges of rugged terrain. Many mountain bikes feature front suspension, which functions similarly to that found on motorcycles to absorb shocks and improve control. Additionally, full-suspension models utilize unconventional frame designs that allow for rear-wheel movement, further enhancing the bike's ability to navigate uneven surfaces and maintain traction.1