Why do MHD generators often use superconducting magnets?

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magnetohydrodynamic power generator Comparison of the operating principles of (A) a turbogenerator and (B) an MHD generator.

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generators produce electric power by directing an electrically conducting gas through a magnetic field. The power output of these generators is directly proportional to the square of the magnetic field's strength.1

To achieve competitive performance and maintain reasonable physical dimensions, an MHD system requires a high-intensity magnetic field, typically in the range of three to five tesla. Superconducting magnets are employed for this purpose because they allow for the generation of these powerful fields with high efficiency and low power dissipation. By utilizing superconducting technology, engineers can create the necessary magnetic intensity to maximize the conversion of the gas's kinetic energy into electric energy within the generator's channel.123