Why did the Mediterranean Tyrian purple industry disappear by the 1450s?

The Mediterranean Tyrian purple industry declined and eventually disappeared by the 1450s primarily due to the collapse of the Eastern Roman Empire, which had been the primary patron and consumer of the costly dye.1

Historically, Tyrian purple was a symbol of imperial and royal rank, often reserved for emperors, kings, and high priests. The production process was extremely labor-intensive and inefficient; for example, experiments have shown that it takes approximately 12,000 mollusks to produce just 1.4 grams of the dye. With the fall of the Byzantine Empire, the socio-political structures that supported this exclusive and expensive industry vanished, leading to its extinction.21