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Why did riveting have disadvantages for boilers and other enclosed containers?

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Riveting was historically used to join metal plates for structures like boilers, but it proved disadvantageous for enclosed containers because it failed to provide a continuous, leak-proof joint.1

In contrast, modern welding techniques were developed specifically to address the need for continuous joints on large steel plates. By creating a seamless bond between metallic parts, welding effectively replaced riveting for hollow ware, sheet-metal products, and pressure-containing vessels where structural integrity and containment were critical.12