Why can corn spoil during storage if it is not handled carefully?

Corn and other cereals can spoil during storage due to several interconnected factors related to handling and environmental conditions:

• Respiration and Moisture: If grain is stored in large quantities with a moisture content exceeding 16 percent, the grain undergoes respiration. This process generates heat that cannot easily dissipate, causing temperatures to rise, which further accelerates the respiration rate and leads to spoilage.1
• Pest Infestation: Inefficient storage, such as inadequate maintenance of silos or storage facilities, leaves grain vulnerable to insects and rodents. Heat buildup creates a favorable environment for various pests, including endosperm borers like the maize weevil and various grain germ eaters.1
• Fungal Growth: Molds and fungi are significant sources of spoilage. While cleaning processes help remove external molds before storage, they remain a serious threat, particularly in hot climates.1

To prevent these issues, it is essential to maintain proper ventilation, monitor temperature, and practice good housekeeping, such as regular cleaning and disinfecting of storage containers.1