Which insects were used to make kermes and cochineal dyes?

Both kermes and cochineal dyes are derived from dried, pulverized female scale insects.12

• Kermes: This dye is obtained from the insect Coccus ilicis (also classified as Kermes ilicis), which is found on the kermes oak (Quercus coccifera). It is considered the oldest known red dyestuff and was historically used by the early Egyptians.234
• Cochineal: This dye is produced from the insect Dactylopius coccus, which lives on prickly pear cacti (Opuntia) native to tropical and subtropical America.12

While both insects belong to the scale insect group, they are distinct species that thrive on different host plants to produce their respective red pigments.12