What were bombards and lombards in early artillery?

In the context of early artillery, bombards and lombards were among the earliest efficient wrought-iron cannon used in the late Middle Ages. These terms were often used interchangeably to describe heavy weapons designed to hurl large stones at enemy fortifications.123

The terminology for early gunpowder weapons was inconsistent, and these large, powerful guns were essential in the transition from medieval siege warfare to the modern era. For instance, Sultan Mehmed II famously utilized large bombards to breach the walls of Constantinople in 1453. While the term "lombard" is sometimes considered a linguistic variation or folk-etymologizing of "bombard," both labels persisted in military usage well into the 16th century as founders and gunners began to develop more standardized methods for classifying ordnance based on bore length and projectile weight.142