How is vanadium recovered from carnotite ore along with uranium?

Vanadium is recovered from carnotite ore as a coproduct with uranium through a multi-step chemical process.1

First, the ore concentrate is subjected to leaching for 24 hours using hot sulfuric acid and an oxidant, such as sodium chlorate. After the solids are removed, the resulting leachate is processed through a solvent extraction circuit to isolate the uranium using an organic solvent composed of 95 percent kerosene, 2.5 percent amine, and 2.5 percent isodecanol.1

Following the removal of uranium, the remaining solution, known as the raffinate, contains the vanadium. This raffinate is fed into a second solvent extraction circuit where the vanadium is extracted into an organic phase. The vanadium is then stripped from this phase using a 10 percent soda ash solution and precipitated with ammonium sulfate. Finally, the resulting ammonium metavanadate precipitate is filtered, dried, and calcined to produce vanadium pentoxide ($V_2{O}_5$).1