How does an automobile engine oil pump deliver oil to moving parts?

In an automobile engine, the lubrication system relies on a pump—typically of the gear type—to draw oil from the sump, which serves as the engine's lower enclosure.12

Once the pump draws the oil, it forces the fluid through an oil filter to remove contaminants. The pressurized, filtered oil is then delivered into a network of channels or passages drilled throughout the engine. These passages supply oil directly to critical components, such as the camshaft and crankshaft main bearings.12

To reach other moving parts, the system utilizes the design of the engine components themselves: oil flows from the main bearings through drilled crank throws to reach the crankpins. Additionally, oil leaking from these bearings is sprayed onto the cylinder walls, cams, and pistons to ensure lubrication. A spring-loaded pressure-relief valve is used to maintain the system at the appropriate pressure level, ensuring that the oil effectively reduces friction and dissipates heat.12