How does a Fourdrinier paper machine form a continuous sheet of paper?

A Fourdrinier machine forms a continuous sheet of paper through a series of integrated mechanical stages:

• Stock Distribution: A headbox delivers a uniform, continuous flow of wet paper stock (a mixture of cellulosic fibre and water) onto a moving, endless belt of finely woven wire or synthetic mesh.12
• Sheet Formation and Drainage: As the wire belt travels, water drains through the mesh, leaving behind a matted layer of fibre. This process is aided by table rolls and suction boxes beneath the wire, which create a pumping action to increase drainage.12
• Consolidation: A dandy roll may rest on the top surface to improve finish or create watermarks. Finally, a suction couch roll removes additional water and consolidates the sheet to provide the strength necessary for transfer.2
• Pressing and Drying: The wet sheet moves to a press section, where it is squeezed between felts to remove more water, followed by a dryer section that uses steam-heated cylinders to evaporate remaining moisture.12

The process concludes with calenders that smooth the surface before the paper is wound into reels.12