How do objects communicate in the Smalltalk programming language?

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In the Smalltalk programming language, objects communicate exclusively by sending messages to one another.12

In this model, a program is structured as a collection of objects that interact through this messaging system. Rather than directly accessing the internal data of another object, an object sends a message requesting a specific operation. This approach is a fundamental aspect of object-oriented programming, which emphasizes information hiding by ensuring that internal data structures remain private while only defined operations are publicly accessible.12