How do intensive animal farms contribute to air pollution and greenhouse-gas emissions?

Intensive animal farms contribute significantly to air pollution and the climate crisis through several mechanisms.1

Air Pollution

The high concentration of animals generates noxious odors and excess dust, which can blow freely in dry areas due to a lack of vegetation. This air pollution is often linked to respiratory issues in nearby communities, raising significant environmental justice concerns.1

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Intensive operations are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions, primarily through:

• Enteric Fermentation: Cattle produce methane as a byproduct of digestion, which is released through belching.12
• Manure Management: When animal waste is stored in traditional open lagoons, it interacts with methane-producing microbes, releasing significant amounts of greenhouse gases.2
• Nitrous Oxide: These farms also emit large quantities of nitrous oxide annually.1
• Indirect Emissions: The production of animal feed requires fossil fuels for machinery, fertilizer manufacturing, and transportation, further contributing to the industry's overall carbon footprint.1