How do electrostatic precipitators reduce pollution from coal-fired power plants?

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Electrostatic precipitators reduce pollution from coal-fired power plants by efficiently removing fine particulate matter, such as fly ash, from combustion gases before they are released into the atmosphere.12

The process functions through the following steps:

  • Charging: As flue gases pass through the unit, particles are given an electric charge by high-voltage discharge electrodes.12
  • Collection: These charged particles are attracted to oppositely charged, grounded collection plates, where they become trapped.12
  • Removal: Periodically, a mechanical process known as "rapping" shakes the accumulated dust from the plates. The dislodged particles fall into a hopper for disposal or recycling.12

This technology is highly effective, capable of removing over 99 percent of particulate matter, including fine particles smaller than 2.5 microns that pose significant health risks. By capturing these pollutants, electrostatic precipitators help mitigate issues such as reduced visibility and respiratory damage, though they do not address gaseous emissions like carbon dioxide.123