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How can breathing mercury vapour cause mercury poisoning?

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Mercury thermometer — mercury processing Mercury in the bulb of a thermometer.

Chronic mercury poisoning can result from the occupational inhalation of mercury vapours, which are often encountered in industrial settings where mercury is processed or used in manufacturing.12

When these vapours are inhaled, they enter the body and can lead to a range of systemic health issues. Common symptoms associated with this type of exposure include a metallic taste in the mouth, excessive salivation, inflammation of the oral membranes, and the loosening of teeth.12

Furthermore, mercury vapour exposure significantly impacts the central nervous system. It can cause tremors, numbness, and pain in the extremities, as well as profound mental and personality changes—a condition historically known as erethism. This mental deterioration may manifest as irritability, memory loss, depression, and anxiety. To mitigate these severe risks, industrial facilities must prioritize safety through rigorous mercury processing protocols, including proper ventilation, strict plant cleanliness, and high standards of personal hygiene to limit worker exposure.123