How are vitrified bonds different from organic bonds in grinding wheels?

Vitrified and organic bonds differ primarily in their composition, manufacturing process, and physical properties:

• Composition and Firing: Vitrified bonds are ceramic-based, typically made from clays and feldspars, and are fired in high-temperature kilns at approximately 1,260° C (2,300° F). Organic bonds utilize resins, rubber, or shellac and are baked at much lower temperatures, between 150° and 200° C (300° and 400° F).1
• Structural Reinforcement: The lower baking temperatures of organic wheels allow for the inclusion of materials like steel rings, threaded bushings, or fibreglass reinforcements, which increase resistance to breakage from side pressure.1
• Application: Because of their structural characteristics, organic wheels can be manufactured much thinner than vitrified wheels. Consequently, they are frequently used as alternatives to metal saw blades for cutting various materials.1

Both types of wheels function by using a bonding agent to hold abrasive granules together, with the wheel's grade—or hardness—determined by the specific ratio of bond to abrasive.2