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Alfonso X summary

Learn about the reign of Alfonso X, King of Castile and LeĆ³n (1221ā€“1284)

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Below is the article summary. For the full article, see Alfonso X.
Alfonso X
Alfonso XAlfonso X, 13th-century manuscript illumination.

Alfonso X, known as Alfonso the Wise, (born Nov. 23, 1221, Burgos, Castileā€”died April, 2, 1284, Sevilla), King of Castile and LeĆ³n (1252ā€“84). He crushed revolts by Muslims (1252) and nobles (1254), and he annexed Murcia after repelling an invasion by Morocco, Granada, and Murcia (1264). He claimed the title of Holy Roman emperor (1256), but Gregory X persuaded him to renounce the claim. His second son became his successor as Sancho IV. Alfonsoā€™s court was a center of culture, producing an influential law code, the Siete Partidas, and establishing the form of modern Castilian Spanish.