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Afghan wars summary

Learn about the outbreak of civil war in Afghanistan and its results

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Below is the article summary. For the full article, see Afghan War.
A Soviet tank with soldiers rides down a rural road past buildings and a group of civilians during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979.
Soviet invasion of AfghanistanA Soviet armoured vehicle rolling past a group of civilians during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, December 1979.

Afghan wars, Series of wars in Afghanistan during the 19th, 20th, and early 21st centuries. In the 19th century Britain twice invaded Afghanistan (the first and second Anglo-Afghan Wars; 1839–40 and 1878–80). The British were unable to fully subdue the country, and the third Anglo-Afghan War (1919) led to its full independence. The outbreak of civil war in 1978 led to an invasion by the Soviet Union the following year (the Afghan War). For the next 10 years the Soviets supported the communist government against a coalition of Islamic insurgents, the mujahideen, who toppled the regime in 1992. A group of disaffected fighters known as the Taliban had taken control of most of the country by 1996. The ensuing stalemate was broken in 2001 when the U.S. overthrew the Taliban for supporting international terrorism.