Why do ice hockey goaltenders wear more protective equipment than other players?

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ice hockey Goalie Marc-André Fleury of the Vegas Golden Knights blocking a shot by Jakub Vrána of the Washington Capitals in game five of the 2018 Stanley Cup finals. The Capitals won the game and the series.

Ice hockey goaltenders wear significantly more protective equipment than other players primarily because their role requires them to block high-velocity shots directly with their bodies. While all players wear padding, goaltenders face unique physical risks that necessitate specialized gear.1

The goaltender's equipment is designed for both protection and defensive utility:

Leg Pads: These pads extend from the skates to above the knees and are up to 11 inches wide, providing essential coverage against puck impacts while also serving as a tool to block shots.1
Gloves: Goalies wear a specialized catching glove on their free hand, similar to a baseball mitt, and a blocking glove on their stick hand that features a wide backing to protect the arm.1
Mask: Goaltenders wear a specially designed mask, often molded to their face, to protect against direct impacts to the head.1

In total, a fully dressed goaltender may carry up to 40 pounds (18 kg) of equipment, reflecting the intense physical demands of defending the goal cage.1