Which outcomes did Robert McCracken’s DIPS theory say pitchers can control most directly?

Created from Britannica articles using AI. AI can make mistakes, so verify using Britannica articles.

Green retro manual baseball scoreboard beyond an empty, neatly mowed baseball field with brown infield dirt and striped grass outfield. — Sabermetrics A scoreboard provides some – but not necessarily the most useful – data on player and team performances in baseball.

According to the Defense Independent Pitching Statistics (DIPS) theory developed by Voros McCracken, pitchers have the most direct control over three specific outcomes:

Strikeouts1
Walks1
Home runs1

McCracken’s theory posits that once a batter puts a ball into the field of play, the resulting outcome is largely independent of the pitcher's skill and is instead influenced by factors such as luck and defensive performance.1