How does a field goal score points in American football?

In American football, a field goal is a scoring play worth three points. It is achieved when the offensive team successfully placekicks the ball over the crossbar and between the goalposts of the opponent's goal.1

While historical rules and point values have evolved since the sport's inception—such as the five-point field goal mentioned in early 20th-century descriptions—the modern standard requires the ball to be kicked through the uprights during active play. This is distinct from a conversion attempt, which occurs after a touchdown and carries a different point value.231