Markwayne Mullin is U.S. Pres. Donald Trump’s secretary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). During his time in Congress—first in the House of Representatives (2013–2023) and then in the Senate (2023– 2026)—the Oklahoma Republican drew attention for his hot temper and unpolished

Mark Wahlberg: …as Marky Mark and formed Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch. The band’s debut album, Music for the People (1991), which featured cowriting and arrangements by brother Donnie, was a modest success and produced two hit singles, “Good Vibrations” and “Wildside.” In performances and supporting videos, Marky Mark was prone…

marl, old term used to refer to an earthy mixture of fine-grained minerals. The term was applied to a great variety of sediments and rocks with a considerable range of composition. Calcareous marls grade into clays, by diminution in the amount of lime, and into clayey limestones. Greensand marls

Marl, city, North Rhine–Westphalia Land (state), western Germany. It is situated in the Ruhr industrial district, just northwest of Recklinghausen. First mentioned about 800 as a relatively large settlement, the Marl district was sold to the archbishops of Cologne about 1000 and thereafter was part

Abby Lillian Marlatt was an American educator who brought a strong academic base to the university programs in home economics that she established. Marlatt graduated from Manhattan’s Kansas State Agricultural College (now Kansas State University of Agriculture and Applied Science) in 1888 and

Canadian literature: Fiction: Daphne Marlatt radically revises family and colonial history, narrative, and sexuality in Ana Historic (1988) and Taken (1996). Douglas Glover’s Rabelaisian Elle (2003) chronicles the adventures of a young French woman marooned during Jacques Cartier’s 1541–42 voyage to Canada. Douglas Coupland spawned a new vocabulary…

smoking: Mass production and mass appeal: …example, in 1925 introduced the Marlboro brand as a woman’s cigarette: “Mild as May”—and more to do with the impact of war and a direct confrontation with societal attitudes by so-called new women. Most important, the cigarette habit was legitimated, celebrated, and glamourized on the Hollywood screen and transported to…

Marlborough, city, Middlesex county, east-central Massachusetts, U.S., 27 miles (43 km) west of Boston. Originally part of Sudbury, it was set off as Whipsuferadge Plantation in 1656 and was incorporated as a town in 1660 and named for Marlborough, England. The adjoining Native American plantation

Marlboro, county, northeastern South Carolina, U.S. It is located between the Great Pee Dee River to the west and North Carolina to the north and northeast. The county is also drained by the Little Pee Dee River. A richly productive farming region, Marlboro county lies in Fall Line hills and, in

Vermont: Education: Marlboro College (1946) is noted for its work in the performing arts and for its summer music festivals. Norwich University (1819), in Northfield, is the country’s oldest private military college.

Marlborough, city, Middlesex county, east-central Massachusetts, U.S., 27 miles (43 km) west of Boston. Originally part of Sudbury, it was set off as Whipsuferadge Plantation in 1656 and was incorporated as a town in 1660 and named for Marlborough, England. The adjoining Native American plantation

Marlborough, unitary authority, northeastern South Island, New Zealand. It is bounded by Cook Strait (north), the South Pacific Ocean (east), Canterbury regional council (southeast and south), and Tasman and the city of Nelson unitary authorities (west). The Wairau River rises in western

Marlborough, town (parish), administrative and historic county of Wiltshire, southern England. It lies on the River Kennet in a valley of the chalky Marlborough Downs (hills). Traces of Neolithic and Roman occupation have been found in the vicinity of the Castle Mound, former site of an

Marlborough: Marlborough College, a well-known boys’ school, was founded in 1843, and its buildings include the castle, rebuilt in the 17th and again in the 18th century. The town’s trade is largely based on its role as a rural service centre for the surrounding farming area.…

Sarah Jennings, Duchess of Marlborough was the wife of the renowned general John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. Her close friendship with Queen Anne bolstered her husband’s career and served to aid the Whig cause. As a child, Sarah Jennings formed a friendship with the Princess Anne (the

John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough was one of England’s greatest generals, who led British and allied armies to important victories over Louis XIV of France, notably at Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), and Oudenaarde (1708). John Churchill was the son of Sir Winston Churchill, member of

John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough was one of England’s greatest generals, who led British and allied armies to important victories over Louis XIV of France, notably at Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), and Oudenaarde (1708). John Churchill was the son of Sir Winston Churchill, member of

Sarah Jennings, Duchess of Marlborough was the wife of the renowned general John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. Her close friendship with Queen Anne bolstered her husband’s career and served to aid the Whig cause. As a child, Sarah Jennings formed a friendship with the Princess Anne (the

United Kingdom: Later reign: …with the issue of the Statute of Marlborough, which renewed some of the reform measures of the Provisions of Westminster, the process of reconstruction began. By 1270 the country was sufficiently settled for Edward to be able to set off on crusade, from which he did not return until two…

biography: Historical: …magnificent life of his ancestor John Churchill, first duke of Marlborough, can be read as a history (written from a special point of view) of Britain and much of Europe during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–14). Yet there is general recognition today that history and biography are quite…

San Jose Sharks: …forward Owen Nolan, and centre Patrick Marleau—that won San Jose’s first division title and appeared in the 2001–02 Western Conference semifinals, which it lost to the Colorado Avalanche in a seven-game series. Two seasons later the Sharks advanced to the Western Conference finals, in which the Flames denied them a…

Marlene Dietrich: The documentary film Marlene, a review of her life and career, which included a voice-over interview of the star by Maximilian Schell, was released in 1986. Her autobiography, Ich bin, Gott sei Dank, Berlinerin (“I Am, Thank God, a Berliner”; Eng. trans. Marlene), was published in 1987. Eight…

Jennifer Aniston: Rom-coms: …dissolution of a two-year relationship; Marley & Me (2008), which centers on a couple and their Labrador retriever; and the dark comedies Horrible Bosses (2011) and Horrible Bosses 2 (2014), in which she played against type as a sex-crazed dentist. Aniston also starred in the romantic comedies He’s Just Not…

Bob Marley was a Jamaican singer-songwriter whose thoughtful ongoing distillation of early ska, rock steady, and reggae musical forms blossomed in the 1970s into an electrifying rock-influenced hybrid that made him an international superstar. Marley—whose parents were Norval Sinclair Marley, a

Jacob Marley, fictional character, the deceased business partner of Ebenezer Scrooge in A Christmas Carol (1843) by Charles Dickens. Marley’s ghost visits Scrooge on Christmas Eve at the beginning of the

John Cassavetes: Independent filmmaker: 1960s and ’70s: …and white in 1966, starred John Marley and Lynn Carlin as a husband and wife facing a split after 14 years of marriage. Both have one-night stands, the husband with a prostitute (played by Cassavetes’s wife, Gena Rowlands) and the wife with a hippie (Seymour Cassel). Originally six hours long,…

Bob Marley was a Jamaican singer-songwriter whose thoughtful ongoing distillation of early ska, rock steady, and reggae musical forms blossomed in the 1970s into an electrifying rock-influenced hybrid that made him an international superstar. Marley—whose parents were Norval Sinclair Marley, a

Iranian art and architecture: Median period: …Iranian Kurdistan; tomb finds at Marlik, near Kazvin; and excavated graves in Luristan.

marlin, any of several species of large long-nosed marine fishes of the family Istiophoridae (order Perciformes) characterized by an elongated body, a long dorsal fin, and a rounded spear extending from the snout. They are wanderers, found worldwide near the surface of the sea, and are carnivorous,

tropic bird, any member of three seabird species that constitute the family Phaethontidae (order Pelecaniformes or Phaethontiformes). Tropic birds are characterized by pairs of streaming central tail feathers, which may be as long as the bird’s body. Sailors call them marlin-spikes and bosun birds.

Miami Marlins, American professional baseball team based in Miami that plays in the National League (NL). The Marlins have won two NL pennants and two World Series championships (1997 and 2003). Founded in 1993 as an expansion team alongside the Colorado Rockies, the team (which was known as the

Marlow, town (parish), Wycombe district, administrative and historic county of Buckinghamshire, southeastern England. It lies on the River Thames. The parish Church of All Saints was built in 1835 on the site of a church that dated from the 12th century. The Sir William Borlase’s Grammar School was

Neil Jordan: Other films: …and cowrote (with William Monahan) Marlowe (2022), a crime mystery starring Neeson, Diane Kruger, and Jessica Lange. The film was adapted from John Banville’s novel The Black-Eyed Blonde, which in itself reimagined characters created by Raymond Chandler, including famous private eye Philip Marlowe.

Bruce Lee: In the 1969 film Marlowe, Lee received notice for a scene in which he destroyed an entire office through kickboxing and karate moves. Troubled by his inability to find other suitable roles, however, he moved back to Hong Kong in 1971. There Lee starred in two films that broke…

Christopher Marlowe was an English Elizabethan poet and William Shakespeare’s most important predecessor in English drama. Marlowe is noted especially for his establishment of dramatic blank verse, particularly in such plays as the tragedy Doctor Faustus (1604). Marlowe’s murder in a tavern brawl

The Day the Earth Stood Still: Cast: Assorted References

Julia Marlowe was an English-born American actress, one of the great romantic actresses of her day, known especially for her interpretations of William Shakespeare. Her family immigrated to the United States in 1870, and at the age of 11 she toured the Midwest in a juvenile production of Gilbert

Philip Marlowe, fictional character, the protagonist of seven novels by Raymond Chandler. Marlowe is a hard-boiled private detective working in the seamy underworld of Los Angeles from the 1930s through the 1950s. The novels, most of which have been made into films, include The Big Sleep (1939;

Marma, people of the Chittagong Hills region of Bangladesh. The Marma numbered approximately 210,000 in the late 20th century. One group, the Jhumia Marma, have long settled in this southeastern region of Bengal; the other group, the Rakhaing Marma, are recent immigrants, having come from Arakan

Goa: Settlement patterns and demographic trends: …in contemporary Goa: Panaji (Panjim), Marmagao (Mormugão), and Madgaon (Margão). Panaji was originally a suburb of Old Goa. Like its parent city, Panaji was built on the left bank of the Mandavi estuary. Now a busy port city, it contains the archbishop’s palace, the government house, and many markets. Marmagao,…

jelly: jams, conserves, and marmalades differ from jellies in their inclusion of whole fruit or fruit pulp.

sapote, (Pouteria sapota), plant of the sapodilla family (Sapotaceae) and its edible fruit. Sapote is native to Central America but cultivated as far north as the southeastern United States. The fruit is commonly eaten fresh and is also made into smoothies, ice cream, and preserves. The large

Sea of Marmara, inland sea partly separating the Asian and European parts of Turkey. It is connected through the Bosporus on the northeast with the Black Sea and through the Dardanelles on the southwest with the Aegean Sea. It is 175 miles (280 km) long from northeast to southwest and nearly 50

Sea of Marmara, inland sea partly separating the Asian and European parts of Turkey. It is connected through the Bosporus on the northeast with the Black Sea and through the Dardanelles on the southwest with the Aegean Sea. It is 175 miles (280 km) long from northeast to southwest and nearly 50

Philip II: Presidency of the Thessalian League: …Greek allies, the cities of Perinthus (later called Heraclea, present-day Marmaraereğlisi) and Byzantium, to review their position, and his coercion of them led to the two great sieges that showed the development of his artillery and allied arms, of which his son Alexander was to make greater use in Asia.

Turkey: Transportation: In response, the Marmaray Project was undertaken to improve approximately 45 miles (75 km) of Turkey’s railway network. The massive transport project was anticipated to upgrade rail service around Istanbul and included an ambitious rail tunnel running beneath the Bosporus to connect the European and Asian halves of…

Washington: Native Americans and early European explorers: Marmes Rock Shelter, in arid eastern Washington, has yielded a 10,000-year sequence of tools left by hunters and gatherers along with some of the oldest well-documented skeletal remains in the Western Hemisphere. The Ozette site, on the Olympic Peninsula, has a unique collection of well-preserved…

Lochinvar: …hero of the ballad “Marmion” (1808) by Sir Walter Scott.

José Mármol was an Argentine poet and novelist, whose outspoken denunciation in verse and prose of the Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas earned him the title of “verdugo poético de Rosas” (“poetic hangman of Rosas”) and whose best-known work, Amalia (1851–55; Amalia: A Romance of the

José Mármol was an Argentine poet and novelist, whose outspoken denunciation in verse and prose of the Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas earned him the title of “verdugo poético de Rosas” (“poetic hangman of Rosas”) and whose best-known work, Amalia (1851–55; Amalia: A Romance of the

Italy: Mountain ranges: …include the Dolomites (Dolomiti) and Mount Marmolada (10,968 feet [3,343 meters]). The Italian foothills of the Alps, which reach no higher than 8,200 feet (2,500 meters), lie between these great ranges and the Po valley. They are composed mainly of limestone and sedimentary rocks. A notable feature is the karst…

Walter Dorwin Teague: …Teague’s revolutionary design for the Marmon 16 automobile attracted widespread attention. Late in the decade he designed a number of exhibits for the New York World’s Fair and the Golden Gate (San Francisco) International Exposition (both in 1939–40). Other notable designs were for railway coaches, office machines, and automotive service…

Pritzker family: …largest business interest was the Marmon Group, a diversified holding company whose businesses included Wells Lamont (gloves), Trans Union (credit reporting), and interests in construction, transportation, and water treatment.

automotive industry: The independents: …personal interests, including Nordyke and Marmon, makers of Marmon luxury cars, and E.L. Cord, who marketed front-wheel-drive cars between 1929 and 1937. The depression years of the 1930s eliminated all but the largest independent manufacturers and increased still further the domination of the Big Three. Motor vehicle production declined from…

Auguste-Frédéric-Louis Viesse de Marmont, duke de Raguse was a marshal of France whose distinguished military career ended when, as Napoleon’s chief lieutenant in a battle under the walls of the city, he surrendered Paris (March 30, 1814) and a few days later took his troops into the Allied lines.

Jean-François Marmontel was a French poet, dramatist, novelist, and critic who is remembered for his autobiographical work Mémoires d’un père. In 1745, encouraged by Voltaire, Marmontel settled in Paris. He composed tragedies in the manner of Voltaire and libretti of operas for composers

Gudmundur Kamban: In his subsequent plays, Marmor (1918; “Marble”) and Vi mordere (1920; We Murderers), as well as in his first novel, Ragnar Finnsson (1922), all of which are set in America, attention is focused on crime and punishment. Questions about societal versus personal responsibility are posed with compassion for the…

Samuel Johnson: The Gentleman’s Magazine and early publications of Samuel Johnson: Marmor Norfolciense satirizes Walpole and the house of Hanover. A Compleat Vindication of the Licensers of the Stage is an ironic defense of the government’s Stage Licensing Act of 1737 requiring the lord chamberlain’s approval of all new plays, which in 1739 led to the…

Parian Chronicle, document inscribed on marble in the Attic Greek dialect and containing an outline of Greek history from the reign of Cecrops, legendary king of Athens, down to the archonship of Diognetus at Athens (264/263 bc). The years are reckoned backward from the archonship of Diognetus and

Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora was an Italian general and statesman who, while in the service of Sardinia–Piedmont, played an important role in the Risorgimento. A graduate of the Turin Military Academy, La Marmora entered the army in 1823 and first distinguished himself in the Italian wars of

Sardinia: Geography: The highest point is Mount La Marmora (6,017 feet [1,834 metres]) in the Gennargentu massif. The climate is subtropical and Mediterranean. Precipitation ranges from 24 inches (600 mm) on the plains to 39 inches (990 mm) in the mountains. Sardinia’s rivers, of which the Tirso and Flumendosa are the…

marmoset, (family Callitrichidae), any of numerous species of small long-tailed South American monkeys. Similar in appearance to squirrels, marmosets are tree-dwelling primates that move in a quick jerky manner. Claws on all the digits except the big toe aid them in scampering along branches, where

marmot, (genus Marmota), any of 14 species of giant ground squirrels found primarily in North America and Eurasia. These rodents are large and heavy, weighing 3 to 7 kg (6.6 to 15.4 pounds), depending upon the species. Marmots are well suited for life in cold environments and have small fur-covered

marmot, (genus Marmota), any of 14 species of giant ground squirrels found primarily in North America and Eurasia. These rodents are large and heavy, weighing 3 to 7 kg (6.6 to 15.4 pounds), depending upon the species. Marmots are well suited for life in cold environments and have small fur-covered

marmot: …a significant predator of the Alaska marmot (Marmota broweri) in the Brooks Range. Rocks and cliffs also serve as observation sites where the rodents sit upright watching for both terrestrial and aerial predators. When alarmed, marmots emit a sharp, piercing whistle and scurry to their burrows if danger persists.

marmot: The hoary marmot hibernates for up to nine months, its fat reserves amounting to 20 percent of its total body weight. Marmots mate soon after they emerge from hibernation. Gestation lasts about a month, and a litter of generally 4 or 5 (recorded extremes range from…

marmot: Some marmots, such as the Alpine marmot (M. marmota) and the hoary marmot (M. caligata) of northwestern North America, are gregarious and social, but others, including the woodchuck (M. monax) of Canada and the United States, are solitary. All hibernate in winter, most of them deeply, although some may emerge…

groundhog, (Marmota monax), one of 14 species of marmots (Marmota), considered basically a giant North American ground squirrel. It is sometimes destructive to gardens and pasturelands. Classified as a marmot, the groundhog is a member of the squirrel family, Sciuridae, within the order Rodentia.

marmot: …young every year, but the Olympic marmot (M. olympus) of the Olympic Mountains in the United States bears young every other year.

France: Charles VI: …his father’s exiled advisers, the Marmousets, who undertook to reform the royal administration in keeping with the practice of Charles V. But the country was again wearying of taxation. The annual levies of Charles V had been discontinued in 1380 but then were reestablished—helping to cause the urban unrest already…

St. Martin of Tours: …city he founded another monastery, Marmoutier, to which he withdrew whenever possible.

Champagne-Ardenne: of Haute-Marne, Aube, Marne, and Ardennes and was roughly coextensive with the historical province of Champagne.

Marne River, river, northern France, 326 miles (525 km) long, rising 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south of Langres on the Langres Plateau. Flowing north-northwest in a wide valley past Chaumont and Saint-Dizier, it then turns west before veering northwest to skirt Vitryle-François and Châlons-sur-Marne; it

First Battle of the Marne, (September 6–12, 1914), an offensive during World War I by the French army and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) against the advancing Germans who had invaded Belgium and northeastern France and were within 30 miles (48 km) of Paris. The French threw back the massive

Pierre-Louis Prieur was a French political figure, a member of the Committee of Public Safety, which ruled Revolutionary France during the period of the Jacobin dictatorship (1793–94). He vigorously enforced the committee’s policies in the antirepublican coastal towns west of Paris. Prieur was a

Second Battle of the Marne, (July 15–18, 1918), last large German offensive of World War I. Following the success of his four major offensives in France from March to June 1918, the chief of the German supreme command, General Erich Ludendorff, conceived another offensive as a diversion to draw

Île-de-France: Geography: …developed since the 1960s: Évry, Marne-la-Vallée, Sénart, Cergy-Pontoise, and Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines.

canals and inland waterways: Major inland waterways of Europe: …were also made on the Marne-Rhine waterway, which provides an important internal trade route connecting the Paris Basin with the industrial regions of Alsace-Lorraine. The improvements included major works on either side of the Vosges summit level, replacing 23 old locks. At Réchicourt a new lock with a lift of…

Maghnia, town, northwestern Algeria, on the northern edge of the High Plateau (Hauts Plateaux), 8 miles (13 km) east of the border with Morocco. The modern town grew around a French redoubt built in 1844 on the site of the Roman post of Numerus Syrorum. It was named for the local Muslim saint Lalla

Alfred Hitchcock: Psycho and the 1960s: …the part, Hedren starred in Marnie (1964) as a compulsive liar suffering from kleptomania. Her handsome employer (Sean Connery) is attracted to her and wants to help her discover the roots of her emotional difficulties—including fear of sex, thunderstorms, and the colour red—and so marries her, little realizing just how…

Winston Graham: …title character and narrator of Marnie (1961), perhaps his best-known mystery, is a professional fraud who subconsciously represses a traumatic childhood experience; the book was made into a popular film by director Alfred Hitchcock in 1964. Graham’s other notable crime novels include The Forgotten Story (1945), Take My Life (1947;…

Philips van Marnix, Heer Van Sint Aldegonde was a Dutch theologian and poet whose translation of the Psalms is considered the high point of religious literature in 16th-century Holland. In exile (1568–72) and a prisoner of the Roman Catholics (1573–74), Marnix was in the thick of the political and

Virgil was a Roman poet, best known for his national epic, the Aeneid (from c. 30 bce; unfinished at his death). Virgil was regarded by the Romans as their greatest poet, an estimation that subsequent generations have upheld. His fame rests chiefly upon the Aeneid, which tells the story of Rome’s

Maronite church: The Maronites trace their origins to St. Maron, or Maro (Arabic: Mārūn), a Syrian hermit of the late 4th and early 5th centuries, and St. John Maron, or Joannes Maro (Arabic: Yūḥannā Mārūn), patriarch of Antioch in 685–707, under whose leadership the invading Byzantine armies of…

Maronite church: …and early 5th centuries, and St. John Maron, or Joannes Maro (Arabic: Yūḥannā Mārūn), patriarch of Antioch in 685–707, under whose leadership the invading Byzantine armies of Justinian II were routed in 684, making the Maronites a fully independent people.

Maroboduus was the king of the Marcomanni who organized the first confederation of German tribes. A Marcomannian noble, Maroboduus spent his youth in Italy and received a Roman education. On his return to Germany, he emerged as leader of the Marcomanni. About 9 bc, to escape the threat of Roman

Western sculpture: 19th-century sculpture: …century must certainly be counted Carlo Marochetti’s Duke Emmanuel Philibert (1833) and Christian Daniel Rauch’s Frederick the Great (1836–51) and the several statues of Joan of Arc in France. These were works of not simply historical but also topical and political significance, as indeed was the colossal Christ of the…

Vera Francevna Menchik-Stevenson: …with the Hungarian chess master Géza Maróczy, whose style greatly influenced her. The first women’s world championship, which Menchik won, was held in London in 1927, and she retained the championship until 1939, when World War II brought an end to the tournaments. She also played successfully in several men’s…

Pauline Marois is a Canadian politician who served as premier of the province of Quebec (2012–14) and leader of the Parti Québécois (2007–14), a party that promoted independence for Quebec. She was the province’s first woman premier. Marois’s parents were of modest means (her father was a mechanic

African literature: Heroic poetry: …and trumpets sometimes accompany the maroka among the Hausa. When a king is praised, the accompaniment becomes orchestral. Yoruba bards chant the ijala, singing of lineage, and, with the oriki, saluting the notable. Among the Hima of Uganda, the bard is the omwevugi. In the evenings, he sings of the…

Madagascar: Relief: …the Tsaratanana Massif, whose summit, Maromokotro, reaches 9,436 feet (2,876 metres) and is the highest point on the island. Ankaratra Massif in the centre is an enormous volcanic mass whose summit, Tsiafajavona, is 8,671 feet (2,643 metres) high. Ankaratra is a major watershed divide separating three main river basins. Farther…

Marc Maron: Television and film work: The comedy TV show Maron, which aired in 2013–16 on IFC (the Independent Film Channel), featured Maron as himself. He also appeared in Easy (2016–19), an anthology series about Chicagoans dealing with everyday issues; GLOW (2017–19), in which he portrayed a down-on-his-luck director who works on a women’s wrestling…

Marc Maron is an American stand-up comedian and actor who was perhaps best known for the podcast WTF with Marc Maron (2009–25), which often featured candid interviews with celebrities and newsmakers. Maron’s father, a surgeon, began his medical career in the military and took his New Jersey-bred

German literature: The 1970s and ’80s: …and then in West Germany, Monika Maron depicted the tension between inner and outer reality in the attempt of a young woman journalist to present unpleasant truths about the lives of workers in the industrial town of Bitterfeld. While she does succeed in writing an article that causes the power…

Maronite church: The Maronites trace their origins to St. Maron, or Maro (Arabic: Mārūn), a Syrian hermit of the late 4th and early 5th centuries, and St. John Maron, or Joannes Maro (Arabic: Yūḥannā Mārūn), patriarch of Antioch in 685–707, under whose leadership the invading Byzantine armies of…

Maronite church: …and early 5th centuries, and St. John Maron, or Joannes Maro (Arabic: Yūḥannā Mārūn), patriarch of Antioch in 685–707, under whose leadership the invading Byzantine armies of Justinian II were routed in 684, making the Maronites a fully independent people.

Marondera, town, northeastern Zimbabwe. It originated in 1890 as a rest house on the road from Harare (formerly Salisbury) to Mutare (formerly Umtali) and was named for Marondera, chief of the ruling Barozwi people. Destroyed in the Shona resistance of 1896, it was moved 4 miles (6 km) north to the

coin: Rise of Rome: Maronea and Thasos issued tetradrachms that became a great commercial currency for trade across the Danube with the Scythians and Celts who imitated them. Macedonia itself issued tetradrachms bearing the names of Roman governors. In Asia, after the defeat of Antiochus III at Magnesia, there…

Gabby Douglas: …and her teammates—Wieber, Aly Raisman, McKayla Maroney, and Kyla Ross—captured the first U.S. women’s team gold medal since 1996. Douglas then competed in the all-around event, posting strong scores during each rotation to finish with the top overall score. Douglas also competed individually on the balance beam and the uneven…

Maroni River, river forming the boundary between French Guiana and Suriname (formerly Dutch Guiana), in South America. It rises on the northern slopes of the Tumuc-Humac Mountains, near the Brazilian border, and descends generally northward through dense tropical rain forests, to enter the Atlantic