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Why is electric charge conserved when an electron and positron are produced together?

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principles of physical science Figure 1: Data in the table of the Galileo experiment. The tangent to the curve is drawn at t = 0.6.

Electric charge is conserved during the production of an electron and a positron because the process adheres to the fundamental conservation of charge, which dictates that the total electric charge of an isolated system must remain constant over time.12

In the process of pair production, a high-energy photon—which carries a net charge of zero—materializes into an electron and a positron. Because the electron possesses a negative charge and the positron possesses an equal magnitude of positive charge, their combined net charge is zero. Consequently, the total charge before the interaction (zero from the photon) is equal to the total charge after the interaction (zero from the electron-positron pair), satisfying the requirement that charge is neither created nor destroyed.34512