Why is a direct match test performed before a blood transfusion?

A direct match test is performed before a blood transfusion to ensure the safety of the recipient by confirming that their serum does not contain antibodies that would react against the antigens present on the donor's red blood cells.1

If such antibodies are present, the donor's cells may be destroyed, leading to a hemolytic transfusion reaction, which can be life-threatening. The test involves mixing the recipient's serum with the donor's cells to screen for these potentially harmful interactions. By verifying compatibility, medical professionals can prevent severe immune responses and ensure that the transfusion is suitable for the patient.123