Why do meteor showers happen at roughly the same time every year?

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Meteor and meteoroid The Cabin Creek meteorite, an iron (nickel-iron alloy) meteorite that was observed to fall in northwestern Arkansas on March 27, 1886. Its characteristic pattern of “thumbprint” dimples, or regmaglypts, is the result of melting and consequent ablation of its surface as it traveled through the atmosphere. The meteorite is likely a fragment of one of the M class asteroids, which show significant nickel-iron in their surface material.

Meteor showers occur at roughly the same time every year because they are caused by Earth passing through specific streams of debris left behind by comets along their orbits.12

As a comet travels near the Sun, solar heating causes its volatile ices to vaporize, releasing dust and larger grains into space. These particles remain in orbit around the Sun, forming a meteor stream that follows a path very similar to that of the parent comet. Because Earth follows a consistent orbit around the Sun, it intersects these established debris streams at the same point in its journey annually. When Earth passes through this material, the dust grains enter the atmosphere and burn up, creating the increased rate of meteors observed as a shower.23